{"id":59466,"date":"2021-04-20T08:02:39","date_gmt":"2021-04-20T06:02:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.irta.cat\/noticia\/antibiotic-resistance-can-be-transmitted-from-animals-to-humans\/"},"modified":"2024-11-06T09:59:15","modified_gmt":"2024-11-06T08:59:15","slug":"antibiotic-resistance-can-be-transmitted-from-animals-to-humans","status":"publish","type":"noticia","link":"https:\/\/www.irta.cat\/en\/noticia\/antibiotic-resistance-can-be-transmitted-from-animals-to-humans\/","title":{"rendered":"Antibiotic resistance can be transmitted from animals to humans"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.irta.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/Logo-IRTA_desc_vert_negre-CAT-1.png\" class=\"fancybox irta-lightbox-bridge\" data-fancybox=\"irta-images\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.irta.cat\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Bacteri_Ecoli_NIAID_CC-BY-2.0.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-39935\" loading=\"lazy\" \/><\/a><figcaption>Bacteria&nbsp;<em>Escherichia coli<\/em>. Source: NIAID (CC BY 2.0)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong><strong>That has been confirmed in a study led by IRTA with the participation of the UAB, after the same plasmid of colistin-resistant bacteria was found in a farmer and the farmer\u2019s livestock<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong><strong>The samples analysed were taken in late 2017, a year after a worldwide recommendation to reduce the use of colistin on farms was issued. In human medicine, colistin is only used as a last resort against serious bacterial infections in hospitals<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2015, the scientific community discovered <em>mcr-1<\/em>, a new bacterial gene that is distributed throughout the world and confers resistance to colistin, a last-resort antibiotic in human medicine. 2015 was also the year in which a colistin-resistant strain of the <em>Escherichia coli <\/em>bacterium was first found. It was detected in a cattle slaughterhouse in Spain, through a monitoring programme for antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and commensal bacteria run by the country\u2019s Ministry of Agriculture. Two years later, the farm on which the resistant strain originated was identified and a team of researchers from the Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA) visited it to analyse faecal samples from the animals and the farmer. Carried out by the Molecular Genetics Veterinary Service (SVGM) of the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), and recently <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-6382\/10\/3\/313\">published in the journal <em>Antibiotics<\/em><\/a>, the analysis and sequencing of the samples have shown that the farmer and the calves and pigs studied all had <em>E. coli <\/em>bacteria with the same resistance gene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this case, the experts concluded that the resistance gene had been transmitted from the animals to the human, as the calves and pigs had been treated with colistin whereas the farmer had not. \u201cBacteria are microorganisms with two types of genetic material, chromosomal DNA and plasmids,\u201d explains the study\u2019s leader, <strong>Lourdes Migura<\/strong>, a researcher involved in IRTA\u2019s Animal Health programme. \u201cMany antibiotic resistance genes are found on plasmids. When two bacteria come into contact, the resistance \u2018superpower\u2019 can be transmitted from one to the other if they exchange plasmids. That is how the <em>mcr-1<\/em> colistin resistance gene is passed on from bacterium to bacterium.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the experts, the farmer could have acquired the colistin resistance of the animals\u2019 bacteria through direct contact with the animals, their excrement or contaminated work tools. \u201cThis is a case of horizontal transfer of resistance genes through plasmid exchange,\u201d says SVGM researcher <strong>Joaquim Vi\u00f1es<\/strong>. \u201cThe study clearly shows that animals can be reservoirs of such genes and transmit them to humans, so it is important that every hygiene measure possible be taken on livestock farms.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Colistin could cease to be an effective treatment for serious infections<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On farms, colistin was used regularly until 2016, mainly for treating infections such as post-weaning diarrhoea, but the discovery of colistin-resistant bacteria is indicative of the antibiotic\u2019s overuse. In human medicine, it is now only used in hospitals as a last resort in serious cases, when conventional drugs have failed to halt bacterial infections. \u201cHaving resistant <em>E. coli<\/em> bacteria is not directly dangerous in itself, but they are opportunistic bacteria,\u201d remarks <strong>Migura<\/strong>. \u201cThat means that if something else causes a person with resistant <em>E. coli<\/em> to become seriously ill, the opportunistic bacteria could take advantage of the body\u2019s weakened defences to infect it, resulting in a patient who would be very difficult to treat,\u201d she explains. \u201cIf that person needed to be admitted to hospital, there would also be the risk of them passing on the bacteria or the bacteria\u2019s plasmid to other people,\u201d she adds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The use of antibiotics in human and veterinary medicine has led to the emergence of resistant bacteria, the importance of which in terms of human health cannot be overstated. In Spain and worldwide, there are various initiatives for reducing antibiotic use and inhibiting the appearance of \u2018superbugs\u2019, given the global public health threat entailed. Furthermore, IRTA is working to reduce the use of antibiotics in animal production as part of its <a href=\"https:\/\/www.irta.cat\/ca\/irta\/pla-estrategic\/\">Strategic Plan<\/a> for the next three years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background\"><strong>Reference of the article:<br><\/strong><br>Vi\u00f1es, J., Cusc\u00f3, A., Napp, S., Alvarez, J., Saez-Llorente, J. L., Ros\u00e0s-Rodoreda, M., \u2026 &amp; Migura-Garcia, L. (2021). <strong>Transmission of Similar Mcr-1 Carrying Plasmids among Different Escherichia coli Lineages Isolated from Livestock and the Farmer<\/strong>. <em>Antibiotics<\/em>, 10(3), 313. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics10030313\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antibiotics10030313<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":14617,"template":"","categoria_noticia":[],"etiqueta_filtrar_noticia":[9158],"class_list":["post-59466","noticia","type-noticia","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","etiqueta_filtrar_noticia-salut-en-reduccio-antibiotics"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\r\n<title>Antibiotic resistance can be transmitted from animals to humans &#187; IRTA<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.irta.cat\/en\/noticia\/antibiotic-resistance-can-be-transmitted-from-animals-to-humans\/\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Antibiotic resistance can be transmitted from animals to humans &#187; 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